{"id":3556,"date":"2025-03-16T23:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-03-16T14:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jikoman.sin-cos.com\/blog\/?p=3556"},"modified":"2025-03-16T23:00:00","modified_gmt":"2025-03-16T14:00:00","slug":"vps-5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jikoman.sin-cos.com\/blog\/2025\/03\/vps-5\/","title":{"rendered":"VPS\u3067AlmaLinux (5) root\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3067SSH\u63a5\u7d9a\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304f\u3059\u308b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u524d\u56de<\/a>\u306f\u3001XServer VPS<\/a>\u306bSSH\u3067\u63a5\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3092\u884c\u3063\u305f\u3002
\u4eca\u56de\u306f\u3001root\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304f\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30bb\u30ad\u30e5\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u3092\u9ad8\u3081\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e00\u822c\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u306e\u4f5c\u6210<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

root\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3092\u7121\u52b9\u306b\u3059\u308b\u524d\u306b\u3001
\u307e\u305a\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\uff08\u4f8b\uff1anori\uff09\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[root@hostname ~]# useradd nori
[root@hostname ~]# passwd nori
Changing password for user nori.
New password: [\u30d1\u30b9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9]
Retype new password: [\u30d1\u30b9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9]
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
root\u5316\u53ef\u80fd\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u306e\u9650\u5b9a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u305f\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u306e\u307f\u304croot\u306b\u306a\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u307e\u305a\u3001wheel\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306b\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u305f\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@hostname ~]# usermod -aG wheel nori<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
wheel\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306b\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u306e\u307f\u304croot\u306b\u306a\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3092\u5909\u66f4\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@hostname ~]# vi \/etc\/pam.d\/su<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u6b21\u306e\u884c\u3092\u30a2\u30f3\u30b3\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# Uncomment the following line to require a user to be in the \"wheel\" group.
auth            required        pam_wheel.so use_uid<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4ed6\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u3092\u4f5c\u308a\u3001sudo\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u304b\u8a66\u3057\u3066\u307f\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@hostname ~]# su abc
[abc@hostname root]$ sudo ls

We trust you have received the usual lecture from the local System
Administrator. It usually boils down to these three things:

    #1) Respect the privacy of others.
    #2) Think before you type.
    #3) With great power comes great responsibility.

[sudo] password for abc: 
abc is not in the sudoers file.  This incident will be reported.<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4e00\u822c\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u306eSSH Key\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
root\u306eSSH Key\u306f\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u3067\u4f5c\u6210\u3001\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u305f\u304c\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u7528\u306e\u30ad\u30fc\u307e\u3067\u306f\u4f5c\u3063\u3066\u304f\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u81ea\u5206\u3067\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u3066\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u4e0a\u3067\u30ad\u30fc\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u3044\u4e00\u822c\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\uff08\u4f8b\uff1anori\uff09\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@hostname ~]# su nori<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
ssh-keygen\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3067\u3001\u79d8\u5bc6\u9375(id_rsa)\u3068\u516c\u958b\u9375(id_rsa.pub)\u306e\u30da\u30a2\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[nori@hostname root]$ ssh-keygen
Generating public\/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (\/home\/nori\/.ssh\/id_rsa): 
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): [Enter]
Enter same passphrase again: [Enter]
Your identification has been saved in \/home\/nori\/.ssh\/id_rsa
Your public key has been saved in \/home\/nori\/.ssh\/id_rsa.pub
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX nori@hostname
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
 :
+----[SHA256]-----+<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u79d8\u5bc6\u9375(id_rsa)\u3068\u516c\u958b\u9375(id_rsa.pub)\u304c\u3067\u304d\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[nori@hostname root]$ ls ~\/.ssh\/
id_rsa.pub  id_rsa<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u516c\u958b\u9375\u306e\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u540d\u3092\u3001\u300cauthorized_keys\u300d\u3078\u5909\u66f4\u3057\u3066SSH\u63a5\u7d9a\u6642\u306e\u4fe1\u983c\u3059\u308b\u30ad\u30fc\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[nori@hostname root]$ mv ~\/.ssh\/id_rsa.pub ~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u79d8\u5bc6\u9375\u306f\u3001\u30ed\u30fc\u30ab\u30eb\u30de\u30b7\u30f3\u4e0a\u3067scp\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3057\u3066\u30c0\u30a6\u30f3\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001\u3084\u3084\u3053\u3057\u3044\u306e\u306f\u3001\u300c-i\u300d\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u79d8\u5bc6\u9375\u306froot\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u7528\u306e\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
user@MacBookPro ~ % scp -i \/Users\/user\/Downloads\/name.pem root@servername.example.com:\/home\/nori\/.ssh\/id_rsa ~\/.ssh\/id_rsa<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u30c0\u30a6\u30f3\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3067\u304d\u305f\u3089\u3001\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u4e0a\u306e\u5143\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306f\u6d88\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[nori@hostname root]$ rm -y ~\/.ssh\/id_rsa<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u3053\u308c\u3067\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3067SSH\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
user@MacBookPro ~ % ssh nori@servername.example.com
Last login: Sat Mar 15 00:00:00 2025 from 000.000.000.000
[nori@hostname ~]$<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u79d8\u5bc6\u9375\u304c\u300c~\/.ssh\/id_rsa\u300d\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u79d8\u5bc6\u9375\u306e\u6307\u5b9a\u3082\u4e0d\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3082\u3057\u79d8\u5bc6\u9375\u306e\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u304c\u5225\u306e\u5834\u6240\u3084\u5225\u306e\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u540d\u306a\u3089\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u300c-i\u300d\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
user@MacBookPro ~ % ssh nori@servername -i ~\/.ssh\/himitsukagi.pem<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30a2\u30f3\u30c8(Mac)\u4e0a\u3067\u30ad\u30fc\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30a2\u30f3\u30c8\u4e0a\u3067ssh-keygen\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u4f7f\u3044\u3001\u79d8\u5bc6\u9375(id_rsa)\u3068\u516c\u958b\u9375(id_rsa.pub)\u306e\u30da\u30a2\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
user@MacBookPro ~ % ssh-keygen
Generating public\/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (\/Users\/user\/.ssh\/id_rsa): [Enter]
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): [Enter]
Enter same passphrase again: [Enter]
Your identification has been saved in \/Users\/user\/.ssh\/id_rsa
Your public key has been saved in \/Users\/user\/.ssh\/id_rsa.pub
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX user@MacBookPro.local
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
\u3000\uff1a
+----[SHA256]-----+<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u79d8\u5bc6\u9375(id_rsa)\u3068\u516c\u958b\u9375(id_rsa.pub)\u304c\u3067\u304d\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
user@MacBookPro ~ % ls .\/.ssh\/
id_rsa\tid_rsa.pub<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u306eSSH\u3067\u30d1\u30b9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u8a8d\u8a3c\u3092\u8a31\u53ef\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u300cssh-copy-id\u300d\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3067\u3001\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u3078\u5171\u901a\u9375\u3092\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3057\u3066\u300c~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7f6e\u3044\u3066\u304f\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u300c-i\u300d\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u3001\u79d8\u5bc6\u9375\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u540d\u306b\u300c.pub\u300d\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3057\u305f\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u540d\u3092\u516c\u958b\u9375\u3068\u3057\u3066\u51e6\u7406\u3057\u3066\u304f\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u79d8\u5bc6\u9375\u306e\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u540d\u304c\u300cid_rsa\u300d\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u300c-i\u300d\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u81ea\u4f53\u3092\u7701\u7565\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
user@MacBookPro ~ % ssh-copy-id -i ~\/.ssh\/id_rsa nori@servername.example.com
\/usr\/bin\/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: \"\/Users\/user\/.ssh\/id_rsa.pub\"
\/usr\/bin\/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
\/usr\/bin\/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
nori@servername.example.com's password: [\u30d1\u30b9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9]

Number of key(s) added:        1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   \"ssh 'nori@servername.example.com'\"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u30d1\u30b9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u8a8d\u8a3c\u3092\u8a31\u53ef\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u3078\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u81ea\u4f53\u304c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3067\u5730\u9053\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u30d1\u30b9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u8a8d\u8a3c\u3092\u8a31\u53ef\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u300c\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\u300d\u5185\u3067\u3001\u300cPasswordAuthentication yes\u300d\u3068\u8a18\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u307e\u305a\u3001root\u3068\u3057\u3066SSH\u63a5\u7d9a\u3057\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc(\u4f8b\uff1anori)\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
user@MacBookPro ~ % ssh root@servername -i \/Users\/user\/Downloads\/name.pem
[root@hostname ~]# su nori
[nori@hostname root]$ <\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u300c~\/.ssh\u300d\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c0\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6a29\u9650\u3092\u5909\u66f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[nori@hostname root]$ mkdir ~\/.ssh
[nori@hostname root]$ chmod 700 ~\/.ssh<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8a8d\u8a3c\u7528\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u65b0\u898f\u4f5c\u6210\u3002
\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u4e2d\u8eab\u306f\u3001\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30a2\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u305f\u516c\u958b\u9375(id_rsa.pub)\u306e\u4e2d\u8eab\u3092\u30b3\u30d4\u307a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[nori@hostname root]$ vi ~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u3053\u3061\u3089\u3082\u6a29\u9650\u3092\u5909\u66f4\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[nori@hostname root]$ chmod 600 ~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u3053\u308c\u3067\u3001\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30a2\u30f3\u30c8\u304b\u3089\u9375\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305fSSH\u63a5\u7d9a\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
user@MacBookPro ~ % ssh nori@servername -i ~\/.ssh\/id_rsa<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u79d8\u5bc6\u9375\u304c\u300c~\/.ssh\/id_rsa\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u300c-i\u300d\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u4e0d\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
root\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3067\u306eSSH\u63a5\u7d9a\u3092\u7981\u6b62\u3059\u308b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u307e\u305a\u3001sudo\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u4e00\u822c\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc(\u4f8b\uff1anori)\u304cSSH\u63a5\u7d9a\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u203broot\u3067SSH\u63a5\u7d9a\u3057\u3066\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u5f8c\u306b\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3067SSH\u63a5\u7d9a\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5206\u304b\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001SSH\u304b\u3089\u5fa9\u65e7\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u305f\u3081\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
user@MacBookPro ~ % ssh nori@servername.example.com<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
SSH\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3057\u3066\u3001root\u3067SSH\u63a5\u7d9a\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[nori@hostname ~]$ sudo vi \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u300cPermitRootLogin\u300d\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3092\u300cno\u300d\u306b\u5909\u66f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#PermitRootLogin prohibit-password
PermitRootLogin no<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
SSH\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3092\u53cd\u6620\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[nori@hostname ~]$ sudo systemctl reload sshd<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30a2\u30f3\u30c8\u304b\u3089root\u3067\u63a5\u7d9a\u3092\u8a66\u307f\u3066\u3001\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
user@MacBookPro ~ % ssh -i \/Users\/user\/Downloads\/name.pem root@servername.example.com
root@hostname: Permission denied (publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic).<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u7d50\u5c40root\u3067SSH\u63a5\u7d9a\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304f\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306b\u3001\u306a\u305c\u6700\u521d\u306b\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u3067\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u306e\u304b\uff1f
\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7591\u554f\u306f\u7f6e\u3044\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u307e\u3068\u3081<\/h3>\n\n\n\n